Electromagnetic valves



y 23, 1953 1.. A. DELAPORTE ETA]. 3,098,635

ELECTROMAGNETIC VALVES Filed Feb. 15, 1961 INVENTORS Lows ADOLPHEDELAPORTE.

I JEAN ANDRE DENISSELLE ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,098,635ELECTROMAGNETIC VALVES Louis Adolphe Delaporte, 147 Rue dEstiennedOrves, Clamart, France, and Jean Andr Denisselle, 43 Blvd. Victor Hugo,Paris, France Filed Feb. 13, 1961, Ser. No. 88,793 Claims priority,application France Mar. 14, 1960 4 Claims. (Cl. 251--54) The magneticcircuit of electromagnets, chiefly of the type provided with a plungercore, is normally in contact with the atmosphere and is subjected ofnecessity to its action which becomes objectionable after a certaintime. What is still worse, and which may occur in electromagneticvalves, is the detrimental action of corrosive and the like fluidspassing through them, and it is therefore essential to protect theplunger core and the polepieces, chiefly in the case of normally closedvalves.

Now, the protecting means used hitherto suffer the drawback of having areduced efliciency.

Our invention has for its object to remove such drawbacks and it allowsusing in electromagnetic valves magnetic circuits made of pure ironwithout any special .care being required, as obtained by a perfectseparation be tween such magnetic circuits and the corrosive or the likefluid.

According to our invention, the magnetic circuit is enclosed in anon-corrosive liquid bath, which is preferably non-compressible, theliquid being held back by a single very yielding diaphragm designed in amanner such that a modification in the location of the non-corrosiveliquid produced by the movement of the plunger core may be compensatedby a modification in the shape of the diaphragm without any stress beingexerted on the latter.

Our invention has also for its object an electromagnetic valve providedwith a plunger core and incorporating the above arrangement; in saidvalve, oil fills the space between the core and the vertical tubularmember inside which the latter is shiftable so as to form a liquidcolumn between the polepiece closing the upper end of the said tubularmember and provided with a filling channel, and the diaphragm at itslower end; said diaphragm is advantageously in the shape of a deformableannular disc clamped along its outer periphery between the body of thevalve and the tubular member carried by the electromagnet winding andalong its inner periphery between the lower end of the core and theneedle valve carried by the latter, the surface of said disc-shapeddiaphragm forming an annular groove facing downwardly as long as theneedle valve is .closed whereas the diaphragm is deformed by thepressure of the above-mentioned liquid column when the core rises andconsequently the needle valve opens, whereby said diaphragm assumes thena downwardly annular convex shape.

It should be remarked that, if pressure is applied to the lower surfaceof the diaphragm, said pressure is transmitted entirely to the liquidcolumn while the diaphragm serving as a separating member between theliquid column above it and the liquid flowing through the valveunderneath it, may be very thin by reason of the equilibrium in pressureon either side thereof. During the deformation of the diaphragm, onlyreduced stresses arise so that the diaphragm may allow the core toexecute strokes of a considerable amplitude.

We have illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings apreferred embodiment of our improved electromagnetic valve. In saiddrawings:

FIG. 1 is a vertical diametrical cross-section of the apparatus, theneedle valve being shown as urged onto its seat by the spring acting onthe plunger core, the electromagnet not being energized,

Patented July 23, 1963 FIG. 2 is a similar View in which theelectromagnet is assumed to be energized and has produced a rise of thecore which it has attracted, and consequently a rise of the needlevalve.

As illustrated into the body of the valve 1 is screwed a tubular member2 carrying outwardly the support or housing 3 of the electromagnet, themember 2 forming thus a central chimney 4 at the upper end of which isfitted the electromagnet pole-piece 5 provided with a channel 6 closedby a plug 7.

The lower, wider end of the chimney 4 forms a chamber 8 facing thechamber provided inside the valve body 1 to form the seat 9 for a needlevalve 10 controlling the flow through the valve system.

The needle valve 10 is provided with an axial threaded stud throughwhich it is screwed into the lower end of the plunger core 11 whichlatter is provided at its upper end with a blind bore inside of which ishoused a spring 12 engaging the underside of the pole-piece 5.

A single diaphragm 13 in the shape of a very yielding annular disc isclamped along its outer periphery between a bearing surface 14 on thebody 1 and a corresponding bearing surface 15 on the tubular member 2while the central periphery of said diaphragm is clamped between thelower end of the plunger core 11 and the needle valve 10, said diaphragmhaving an area such that its medial annular section may form a sort ofgroove opening downwardly when the valve is in its normal closingposition, as illustrated in FIG. '1.

The closing position of the valve corresponds to the period ofnon-energization of the electromagnet winding; the core 11 is then urgedby the spring 12 into a position for which it holds the needle valve 10on its seat 9 to close the valve, while the space between the diaphragm.13 and the poleapiece 5 and between the core 11 and the chimney 4 isfilled with oil. The weight of the oil on the diaphragm 13 is opposed bythe thrust or pressure exerted in the opposite direction by the fluidheld back inside the body of the valve 1.

Upon energizat-ion of the electromagnet winding, an attraction isproduced, in order to raise the core 11 which must overcome the opposingforce of the spring 12 and also the very slight force required forreleasing the needle valve 10 with reference to its seat 9. Butsimultaneously, as the valve opens and the fluid controlled therebypasses out through seat '9, the pressure until now exerted on the lowersurface of diaphragm 13 by the fluid is removed. There no longer being apressure within body 1 compensating the weight of the liquid column inthe chimney 4, this liquid is urged downwardly by the rising of the corel1, so as to vacate the space above the plunger core, whereby thediaphragm 13 is deformed and assumes a reversed curvature forming adownwardly convex projection, as illustrated in FIG. 2.

It will be readily understood that the arrangement provided protectscompletely the pole-piece 5 and the plunger core 11 from the corrosiveaction of the fluid controlled by the valve both in the closed and inthe open condition of the valve. Further, there is no additional stressdue to the diaphragm imposed upon the electromaguet as it operates tocontrol the valve, when the latter is open.

It should be mentioned that the arrangement is also of interest forthose cases where the fluid passing through the valve is under pressureand that nothing is to be modifled in the data governing the risingmovement of the needle valve, in contradistinction with the requirementsof conventional diaphragm valves.

By gauging suitably the clearance between the core and the chimneysurrounding it, it is possible to obtain a dashpot action which brakesthe speed of operation.

Furthermore, the oil bath serves for damping the vibrations due to theapplication of A.C., and the noise produced upon energization by theimpact of the core against the pole-piece is also considerably reduced.Furthermore, there is no risk of any impurities soiling the polepiecewhich impurities might lead to the production of noise and to areduction of the attraction.

Lastly a suitable viscosity of the oil allows also braking the operativespeed.

Our invention is obviously applicable to A.C. controlled relays and toall arrangements incorporating an electromagnet, chiefly anelectromagnet provided with a plunger core.

What we claim is:

1. An electromagnetic valve comprising a valve body provided with apassageway for a liquid to be handled and with a seat in saidpassageway, a tubular member carried by said body and opening into saidpassageway in front of said seat, an electromagnetic winding surroundingsaid tubular member, a pole-piece closing the outer end of said tubularmember, a plunger core adapted to slide outwardly of said valve body insaid tubular member under the action of said winding when energized,with a clearance between said plunger core and the wall of the tubularmember, a spring urging the plunger core away from the pole-piece, aneedle valve carried by the plunger core and adapted to normally closesaid seat and to open said seat upon energization of the electromagneticwinding, a single, very yielding diaphragm fitted across the lower endof the tubular member between the plunger core and the inner wall ofsaid tubular member, and a mass of non-corrosive, non-compressibleliquid completely filling the tubular member above the diaphragm and thepressure of which deforms the latter when the plunger core is actuatedupon energization of the electromagnet.

2. An electromagnetic valve comprising a valve body provided with apassageway for a liquid to be handled and with a seat in saidpassageway, a tubular member carried by said body and opening into saidpassageway in front of said seat, an electromagnetic windingsurroundingsaid tubular member, a pole-piece closing the upper end of said tubularmember and provided with an axial filling port, a plunger core adaptedto slide outwardly of said valve body in said tubular member under theaction of said winding when energized, with a clearance between saidplunger core and the wall of the tubular member, a spning urging theplunger core away from the pole-piece, a needle valve carried by theplunger core and adapted to normally close said seat and to open saidseat upon energization of the electromagnetic winding, a single, veryyielding diaphragm fitted across the lower end of the tubular memberbetween the plunger core and the inner wall of said tubular member and amass of noncorrosive, non-compressible liquid completely filling thetubular member, above the diaphragm, the pressure of which deforms thelatter when the plunger core is actuated upon energization of theelectromagnet.

3. An electromagnetic valve comprising a valve body provided with apassageway for a liquid to be handled and with a seat in saidpassageway, a tubular member carried by said body and opening into saidpassageway in front of said seat, an electromagnetic winding surroundingsaid tubular member, a pole-piece closing the upper end of said tubularmember and provided with an axial filling port, a plunger core adaptedto slide outwardly of said valve body in said tubular member under theaction of said winding when energized, with a clearance between saidplunger core and the wall of the tubular member, a spring urging theplunger core away from the pole-piece, a needle valve screwed into theplunger core and adapted to normally close said seat and to open saidseat upon energization of the electromagnetic winding, a single, veryyielding :annular diaphragm fitted across the lower end of the tubularmember between the plunger core and the inner wall of said tubularmember, the outer periphery of said diaphragm being clamped between thewall of the tubular member and the valve body and its inner periph- -erybeing clamped between the cooperating ends of the plunger core and ofthe needle valve, and la mas of noncorrosive, non-compressible liquidcompletely filling the tubular member above the diaphragm, the pressureof which deforms the latter when the plunger core is actuated uponenergization of the electromagnet.

4. An electrically contro led valve comprising a valve chamber having anopen end, a valve seat within said chamber, a solenoid comprising acentral tube, an armature longitudinally displaceable inside said tube,and an electromagnetic winding surrounding said tube, one end of saidtube mounted over the open end of said chamber,

a needle valve positioned Within said chamber to cooperate ''with saidvalve seat and connected to one end of said armature, a singledeformable watertight diaphragm disposed between the interior of saidtube and said valve chamber containing the fluid to be distributed, anda body of noncompressible liquid filling entirely the volume limited bysaid .tube and said flexible diaphragm, said diaphragm having "adiametrical section allowing it to assume a concave or convex form,according to whether said armature is positioned at said one end of saidtube or displaced by energizing said winding to the other end of saidtube, said diaphragm being in continuous contact with said body ofliquid.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,992,212 Home Feb. 26, 1935 2,098,331 Bowman Nov. 9, 1937 2,350,352Harding June 6, 1944 2,920,254 Ray Jan. 5, 1960 2,922,614 Nickells Jan.26, 1960

1. AN ELECTROMAGNETIC VALVE COMPRISING A VALVE BODY PROVIDED WITH APASSAGEWAY FOR A LIQUID TO BE HANDLED AND WITH A SEAT IN SAIDPASSAGEWAY, A TUBULAR MEMBER CARRIED BY SAID BODY AND OPENING INTO SAIDPASSAGEWAY IN FRONT OF SAID SEAT, AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WINDING SURROUNDINGSAID TUBULAR MEMBER, A POLE-PIECE CLOSING THE OUTER END OF SAID TUBULARMEMBER, A PLUNGER CORE ADAPTED TO SLIDE OUTWARDLY OF SAID VALVE BODY INSAID TUBULAR MEMBER UNDER THE ACTION OF SAID WINDING WHEN ENERGIZED,WITH A CLEARANCE BETWEEN SAID PLUNGER CORE AND THE WALL OF THE TUBULARMEMBER, A SPRING URGING THE PLUNGER CORE AWAY FROM THE POLE-PIECE, ANEEDLE VALVE CARRIED BY THE PLUNGER CORE AND ADAPTED TO NORMALLY CLOSESAID SEAT AND